動詞 1.5 狀態動詞

狀態動詞stative verbs                                   
Jessie Lin

狀態動詞stative verbs或非行為動詞non-action verbs指的是英文有些動詞用來表達人的情感，狀況，自己無法控制的情緒，這些動詞即使在表達現在的感覺或狀況時還是不用現在進行式。

狀態動詞或非行為動詞通常是用來

A.  
描述一個狀態 Describe a state of being (be,
feel)    

Jane is tired but happy.

         She feels
good.

B.  
表達情感 Express emotions (like, love, hate)

Do you like my new dress?

I love it!

C.   
描述心裡狀態 Describe mental states (know,
remember, believe, think [=believe], suppose, understand)

I know a lot of good
restaurants.

I think you’re right.

D.  
表示所有 Show possession (have, own, posses,
belong)

Eric has a headache.

My sister owns an
apartment.

E.  
描述感受與五官的感覺 Describe perception and senses (hear,
see, smell, taste, feel, notice, seem, look [=seem], appear, sound)

I hear the telephone.

Linda seems tired.

F.   
描述需要跟偏好 Describe needs and preferences (need,
want, prefer)

I need a pen.

         She prefers
beef than pork.

G.  
描述度量衡 Describe measurements (weigh, cost,
contain)

How much does it cost?

He weighs 80 kilograms.

有些動詞用來描述非自主性的感受時可能有行為動詞跟非行為動詞的用法，通常進行式用在特殊的狀況。

假裝 Pretence:

I’m smelling roses. 當有人假裝在聞玫瑰時

逐漸發生的狀況 A
developing condition:

I’m not seeing very well these days ( I feel that my
eyesight is getting worse).

表達現在正在進行的事件 To suggest progressive event:

I’m feeling sick as opposed I feel sick.

表達自主的行為常用在think/hope To suggest deliberate action.

I’m thinking of going to the theater tonight.

I’m hoping to arrive at 6 o’clock.

相同動詞可有形為非行為動詞表達不同意思。

I taste garlic. Did you put some in here? ( I notice
garlic.)

The soup tastes good. Try some. ( The soup is good.)

I’m tasting the soup to see if it needs more salt. ( I’m
trying the soup.)